Pheromones and Semiochemicals of Stereocaulon ramulosum (Lecanorales: Stereocaulaceae), the Snow lichen

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Semiochemicals of Stereocaulon ramulosum, the Snow lichen

Phylum:	Ascomycota
Subphylum:	Pezizomycotina
Class:	Lecanoromycetes
Order:	Lecanorales
Family:	Stereocaulaceae
Subfamily:
Genus:	Stereocaulon
Tribe:
Author:	Raeuschel

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Semiochemical(s):

Czeczuga B

2003

Feddes Repert.

114:

380

beta-carotene

�Relative ratio of the component�

�(*) indicates that compound is active�

P �Category of the chemical signal

A -	Attractant
Al -	Allomone
K -	Kairomone
P -	Pheromone
Sy -	Synomone�

�Source of the chemical signal

F -	Female
H -	Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -	Lure
M -	Male
M&F -	Male and Female
S -	Solider
Q -	Queen
W -	Worker�

�Amount

pg -	Picogram
ng -	Nanogram
�g -	Microgram
mg -	Milligram
g -	Gram�

Paramo de Chita, Boyaca, Colombia

lutein A

�Relative ratio of the component�

�(*) indicates that compound is active�

�Source of the chemical signal

F -	Female
H -	Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -	Lure
M -	Male
M&F -	Male and Female
S -	Solider
Q -	Queen
W -	Worker�

�Amount

pg -	Picogram
ng -	Nanogram
�g -	Microgram
mg -	Milligram
g -	Gram�

caloxanthin

�Relative ratio of the component�

�(*) indicates that compound is active�

�Source of the chemical signal

F -	Female
H -	Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -	Lure
M -	Male
M&F -	Male and Female
S -	Solider
Q -	Queen
W -	Worker�

�Amount

pg -	Picogram
ng -	Nanogram
�g -	Microgram
mg -	Milligram
g -	Gram�

canthaxanthin

�Relative ratio of the component�

�(*) indicates that compound is active�

�Source of the chemical signal

F -	Female
H -	Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -	Lure
M -	Male
M&F -	Male and Female
S -	Solider
Q -	Queen
W -	Worker�

�Amount

pg -	Picogram
ng -	Nanogram
�g -	Microgram
mg -	Milligram
g -	Gram�

astaxanthin

�Relative ratio of the component�

�(*) indicates that compound is active�

�Source of the chemical signal

F -	Female
H -	Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -	Lure
M -	Male
M&F -	Male and Female
S -	Solider
Q -	Queen
W -	Worker�

�Amount

pg -	Picogram
ng -	Nanogram
�g -	Microgram
mg -	Milligram
g -	Gram�

violaxanthin

�Relative ratio of the component�

�(*) indicates that compound is active�

�Source of the chemical signal

F -	Female
H -	Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -	Lure
M -	Male
M&F -	Male and Female
S -	Solider
Q -	Queen
W -	Worker�

�Amount

pg -	Picogram
ng -	Nanogram
�g -	Microgram
mg -	Milligram
g -	Gram�

neoxanthin

�Relative ratio of the component�

�(*) indicates that compound is active�

�Source of the chemical signal

F -	Female
H -	Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -	Lure
M -	Male
M&F -	Male and Female
S -	Solider
Q -	Queen
W -	Worker�

�Amount

pg -	Picogram
ng -	Nanogram
�g -	Microgram
mg -	Milligram
g -	Gram�

mutatoxanthin

�Relative ratio of the component�

�(*) indicates that compound is active�

�Source of the chemical signal

F -	Female
H -	Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -	Lure
M -	Male
M&F -	Male and Female
S -	Solider
Q -	Queen
W -	Worker�

�Amount

pg -	Picogram
ng -	Nanogram
�g -	Microgram
mg -	Milligram
g -	Gram�

Czeczuga B

1997c

J. Hattori Bot. Lab.

81:

263

alpha-carotene

�Relative ratio of the component�

�(*) indicates that compound is active�

P �Category of the chemical signal

A -	Attractant
Al -	Allomone
K -	Kairomone
P -	Pheromone
Sy -	Synomone�

�Source of the chemical signal

F -	Female
H -	Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -	Lure
M -	Male
M&F -	Male and Female
S -	Solider
Q -	Queen
W -	Worker�

�Amount

pg -	Picogram
ng -	Nanogram
�g -	Microgram
mg -	Milligram
g -	Gram�

Kulani, Hawaii, USA

beta-carotene

�Relative ratio of the component�

�(*) indicates that compound is active�

�Source of the chemical signal

F -	Female
H -	Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -	Lure
M -	Male
M&F -	Male and Female
S -	Solider
Q -	Queen
W -	Worker�

�Amount

pg -	Picogram
ng -	Nanogram
�g -	Microgram
mg -	Milligram
g -	Gram�

epsilon-carotene

�Relative ratio of the component�

�(*) indicates that compound is active�

�Source of the chemical signal

F -	Female
H -	Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -	Lure
M -	Male
M&F -	Male and Female
S -	Solider
Q -	Queen
W -	Worker�

�Amount

pg -	Picogram
ng -	Nanogram
�g -	Microgram
mg -	Milligram
g -	Gram�

beta-cryptoxanthin

�Relative ratio of the component�

�(*) indicates that compound is active�

�Source of the chemical signal

F -	Female
H -	Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -	Lure
M -	Male
M&F -	Male and Female
S -	Solider
Q -	Queen
W -	Worker�

�Amount

pg -	Picogram
ng -	Nanogram
�g -	Microgram
mg -	Milligram
g -	Gram�

lutein A

�Relative ratio of the component�

�(*) indicates that compound is active�

�Source of the chemical signal

F -	Female
H -	Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -	Lure
M -	Male
M&F -	Male and Female
S -	Solider
Q -	Queen
W -	Worker�

�Amount

pg -	Picogram
ng -	Nanogram
�g -	Microgram
mg -	Milligram
g -	Gram�

3R3'R-zeaxanthin

�Relative ratio of the component�

�(*) indicates that compound is active�

�Source of the chemical signal

F -	Female
H -	Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -	Lure
M -	Male
M&F -	Male and Female
S -	Solider
Q -	Queen
W -	Worker�

�Amount

pg -	Picogram
ng -	Nanogram
�g -	Microgram
mg -	Milligram
g -	Gram�

lutein 5,6-epoxide

�Relative ratio of the component�

�(*) indicates that compound is active�

�Source of the chemical signal

F -	Female
H -	Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -	Lure
M -	Male
M&F -	Male and Female
S -	Solider
Q -	Queen
W -	Worker�

�Amount

pg -	Picogram
ng -	Nanogram
�g -	Microgram
mg -	Milligram
g -	Gram�

antheraxanthin A

�Relative ratio of the component�

�(*) indicates that compound is active�

�Source of the chemical signal

F -	Female
H -	Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -	Lure
M -	Male
M&F -	Male and Female
S -	Solider
Q -	Queen
W -	Worker�

�Amount

pg -	Picogram
ng -	Nanogram
�g -	Microgram
mg -	Milligram
g -	Gram�

violaxanthin

�Relative ratio of the component�

�(*) indicates that compound is active�

�Source of the chemical signal

F -	Female
H -	Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -	Lure
M -	Male
M&F -	Male and Female
S -	Solider
Q -	Queen
W -	Worker�

�Amount

pg -	Picogram
ng -	Nanogram
�g -	Microgram
mg -	Milligram
g -	Gram�

astaxanthin

�Relative ratio of the component�

�(*) indicates that compound is active�

�Source of the chemical signal

F -	Female
H -	Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -	Lure
M -	Male
M&F -	Male and Female
S -	Solider
Q -	Queen
W -	Worker�

�Amount

pg -	Picogram
ng -	Nanogram
�g -	Microgram
mg -	Milligram
g -	Gram�

capsochrome

�Relative ratio of the component�

�(*) indicates that compound is active�

�Source of the chemical signal

F -	Female
H -	Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -	Lure
M -	Male
M&F -	Male and Female
S -	Solider
Q -	Queen
W -	Worker�

�Amount

pg -	Picogram
ng -	Nanogram
�g -	Microgram
mg -	Milligram
g -	Gram�

Czeczuga B

1995

Bol. Soc. Argent. Bot.

31:

beta-carotene

�Relative ratio of the component�

�(*) indicates that compound is active�

P �Category of the chemical signal

A -	Attractant
Al -	Allomone
K -	Kairomone
P -	Pheromone
Sy -	Synomone�

�Source of the chemical signal

F -	Female
H -	Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -	Lure
M -	Male
M&F -	Male and Female
S -	Solider
Q -	Queen
W -	Worker�

�Amount

pg -	Picogram
ng -	Nanogram
�g -	Microgram
mg -	Milligram
g -	Gram�

Puerto Blest, Rio Negro, Argentina

3R3'R-zeaxanthin

�Relative ratio of the component�

�(*) indicates that compound is active�

�Source of the chemical signal

F -	Female
H -	Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -	Lure
M -	Male
M&F -	Male and Female
S -	Solider
Q -	Queen
W -	Worker�

�Amount

pg -	Picogram
ng -	Nanogram
�g -	Microgram
mg -	Milligram
g -	Gram�

lutein 5,6-epoxide

�Relative ratio of the component�

�(*) indicates that compound is active�

�Source of the chemical signal

F -	Female
H -	Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -	Lure
M -	Male
M&F -	Male and Female
S -	Solider
Q -	Queen
W -	Worker�

�Amount

pg -	Picogram
ng -	Nanogram
�g -	Microgram
mg -	Milligram
g -	Gram�

antheraxanthin A

�Relative ratio of the component�

�(*) indicates that compound is active�

�Source of the chemical signal

F -	Female
H -	Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -	Lure
M -	Male
M&F -	Male and Female
S -	Solider
Q -	Queen
W -	Worker�

�Amount

pg -	Picogram
ng -	Nanogram
�g -	Microgram
mg -	Milligram
g -	Gram�

neoxanthin

�Relative ratio of the component�

�(*) indicates that compound is active�

�Source of the chemical signal

F -	Female
H -	Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -	Lure
M -	Male
M&F -	Male and Female
S -	Solider
Q -	Queen
W -	Worker�

�Amount

pg -	Picogram
ng -	Nanogram
�g -	Microgram
mg -	Milligram
g -	Gram�

violaxanthin

�Relative ratio of the component�

�(*) indicates that compound is active�

�Source of the chemical signal

F -	Female
H -	Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -	Lure
M -	Male
M&F -	Male and Female
S -	Solider
Q -	Queen
W -	Worker�

�Amount

pg -	Picogram
ng -	Nanogram
�g -	Microgram
mg -	Milligram
g -	Gram�

astaxanthin

�Relative ratio of the component�

�(*) indicates that compound is active�

�Source of the chemical signal

F -	Female
H -	Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -	Lure
M -	Male
M&F -	Male and Female
S -	Solider
Q -	Queen
W -	Worker�

�Amount

pg -	Picogram
ng -	Nanogram
�g -	Microgram
mg -	Milligram
g -	Gram�

Czeczuga B

1995

Bol. Soc. Argent. Bot.

31:

lutein A

�Relative ratio of the component�

�(*) indicates that compound is active�

P �Category of the chemical signal

A -	Attractant
Al -	Allomone
K -	Kairomone
P -	Pheromone
Sy -	Synomone�

�Source of the chemical signal

F -	Female
H -	Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -	Lure
M -	Male
M&F -	Male and Female
S -	Solider
Q -	Queen
W -	Worker�

�Amount

pg -	Picogram
ng -	Nanogram
�g -	Microgram
mg -	Milligram
g -	Gram�

Arroyo Casa de Piedra, Rio Negro, Argentina

lutein 5,6-epoxide

�Relative ratio of the component�

�(*) indicates that compound is active�

�Source of the chemical signal

F -	Female
H -	Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -	Lure
M -	Male
M&F -	Male and Female
S -	Solider
Q -	Queen
W -	Worker�

�Amount

pg -	Picogram
ng -	Nanogram
�g -	Microgram
mg -	Milligram
g -	Gram�

neoxanthin

�Relative ratio of the component�

�(*) indicates that compound is active�

�Source of the chemical signal

F -	Female
H -	Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -	Lure
M -	Male
M&F -	Male and Female
S -	Solider
Q -	Queen
W -	Worker�

�Amount

pg -	Picogram
ng -	Nanogram
�g -	Microgram
mg -	Milligram
g -	Gram�

violaxanthin

�Relative ratio of the component�

�(*) indicates that compound is active�

�Source of the chemical signal

F -	Female
H -	Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -	Lure
M -	Male
M&F -	Male and Female
S -	Solider
Q -	Queen
W -	Worker�

�Amount

pg -	Picogram
ng -	Nanogram
�g -	Microgram
mg -	Milligram
g -	Gram�

canthaxanthin

�Relative ratio of the component�

�(*) indicates that compound is active�

�Source of the chemical signal

F -	Female
H -	Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -	Lure
M -	Male
M&F -	Male and Female
S -	Solider
Q -	Queen
W -	Worker�

�Amount

pg -	Picogram
ng -	Nanogram
�g -	Microgram
mg -	Milligram
g -	Gram�

astaxanthin

�Relative ratio of the component�

�(*) indicates that compound is active�

�Source of the chemical signal

F -	Female
H -	Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -	Lure
M -	Male
M&F -	Male and Female
S -	Solider
Q -	Queen
W -	Worker�

�Amount

pg -	Picogram
ng -	Nanogram
�g -	Microgram
mg -	Milligram
g -	Gram�

Czeczuga B

1995

Bol. Soc. Argent. Bot.

31:

lutein A

�Relative ratio of the component�

�(*) indicates that compound is active�

P �Category of the chemical signal

A -	Attractant
Al -	Allomone
K -	Kairomone
P -	Pheromone
Sy -	Synomone�

�Source of the chemical signal

F -	Female
H -	Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -	Lure
M -	Male
M&F -	Male and Female
S -	Solider
Q -	Queen
W -	Worker�

�Amount

pg -	Picogram
ng -	Nanogram
�g -	Microgram
mg -	Milligram
g -	Gram�

Llao-Llao, Rio Negro, Argentina

lutein 5,6-epoxide

�Relative ratio of the component�

�(*) indicates that compound is active�

�Source of the chemical signal

F -	Female
H -	Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -	Lure
M -	Male
M&F -	Male and Female
S -	Solider
Q -	Queen
W -	Worker�

�Amount

pg -	Picogram
ng -	Nanogram
�g -	Microgram
mg -	Milligram
g -	Gram�

antheraxanthin A

�Relative ratio of the component�

�(*) indicates that compound is active�

�Source of the chemical signal

F -	Female
H -	Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -	Lure
M -	Male
M&F -	Male and Female
S -	Solider
Q -	Queen
W -	Worker�

�Amount

pg -	Picogram
ng -	Nanogram
�g -	Microgram
mg -	Milligram
g -	Gram�

neoxanthin

�Relative ratio of the component�

�(*) indicates that compound is active�

�Source of the chemical signal

F -	Female
H -	Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -	Lure
M -	Male
M&F -	Male and Female
S -	Solider
Q -	Queen
W -	Worker�

�Amount

pg -	Picogram
ng -	Nanogram
�g -	Microgram
mg -	Milligram
g -	Gram�

violaxanthin

�Relative ratio of the component�

�(*) indicates that compound is active�

�Source of the chemical signal

F -	Female
H -	Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -	Lure
M -	Male
M&F -	Male and Female
S -	Solider
Q -	Queen
W -	Worker�

�Amount

pg -	Picogram
ng -	Nanogram
�g -	Microgram
mg -	Milligram
g -	Gram�

alpha-doradexanthin

�Relative ratio of the component�

�(*) indicates that compound is active�

�Source of the chemical signal

F -	Female
H -	Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -	Lure
M -	Male
M&F -	Male and Female
S -	Solider
Q -	Queen
W -	Worker�

�Amount

pg -	Picogram
ng -	Nanogram
�g -	Microgram
mg -	Milligram
g -	Gram�

astaxanthin

�Relative ratio of the component�

�(*) indicates that compound is active�

�Source of the chemical signal

F -	Female
H -	Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -	Lure
M -	Male
M&F -	Male and Female
S -	Solider
Q -	Queen
W -	Worker�

�Amount

pg -	Picogram
ng -	Nanogram
�g -	Microgram
mg -	Milligram
g -	Gram�

Czeczuga B

1995

Bol. Soc. Argent. Bot.

31:

beta-carotene

�Relative ratio of the component�

�(*) indicates that compound is active�

P �Category of the chemical signal

A -	Attractant
Al -	Allomone
K -	Kairomone
P -	Pheromone
Sy -	Synomone�

�Source of the chemical signal

F -	Female
H -	Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -	Lure
M -	Male
M&F -	Male and Female
S -	Solider
Q -	Queen
W -	Worker�

�Amount

pg -	Picogram
ng -	Nanogram
�g -	Microgram
mg -	Milligram
g -	Gram�

Lago Felipe, Rio Negro, Argentina

lutein A

�Relative ratio of the component�

�(*) indicates that compound is active�

�Source of the chemical signal

F -	Female
H -	Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -	Lure
M -	Male
M&F -	Male and Female
S -	Solider
Q -	Queen
W -	Worker�

�Amount

pg -	Picogram
ng -	Nanogram
�g -	Microgram
mg -	Milligram
g -	Gram�

lutein 5,6-epoxide

�Relative ratio of the component�

�(*) indicates that compound is active�

�Source of the chemical signal

F -	Female
H -	Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -	Lure
M -	Male
M&F -	Male and Female
S -	Solider
Q -	Queen
W -	Worker�

�Amount

pg -	Picogram
ng -	Nanogram
�g -	Microgram
mg -	Milligram
g -	Gram�

antheraxanthin A

�Relative ratio of the component�

�(*) indicates that compound is active�

�Source of the chemical signal

F -	Female
H -	Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -	Lure
M -	Male
M&F -	Male and Female
S -	Solider
Q -	Queen
W -	Worker�

�Amount

pg -	Picogram
ng -	Nanogram
�g -	Microgram
mg -	Milligram
g -	Gram�

neoxanthin

�Relative ratio of the component�

�(*) indicates that compound is active�

�Source of the chemical signal

F -	Female
H -	Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -	Lure
M -	Male
M&F -	Male and Female
S -	Solider
Q -	Queen
W -	Worker�

�Amount

pg -	Picogram
ng -	Nanogram
�g -	Microgram
mg -	Milligram
g -	Gram�

violaxanthin

�Relative ratio of the component�

�(*) indicates that compound is active�

�Source of the chemical signal

F -	Female
H -	Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -	Lure
M -	Male
M&F -	Male and Female
S -	Solider
Q -	Queen
W -	Worker�

�Amount

pg -	Picogram
ng -	Nanogram
�g -	Microgram
mg -	Milligram
g -	Gram�

3'-hydroxyechinenone

�Relative ratio of the component�

�(*) indicates that compound is active�

�Source of the chemical signal

F -	Female
H -	Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -	Lure
M -	Male
M&F -	Male and Female
S -	Solider
Q -	Queen
W -	Worker�

�Amount

pg -	Picogram
ng -	Nanogram
�g -	Microgram
mg -	Milligram
g -	Gram�

capsochrome

�Relative ratio of the component�

�(*) indicates that compound is active�

�Source of the chemical signal

F -	Female
H -	Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -	Lure
M -	Male
M&F -	Male and Female
S -	Solider
Q -	Queen
W -	Worker�

�Amount

pg -	Picogram
ng -	Nanogram
�g -	Microgram
mg -	Milligram
g -	Gram�

Reference(s):

Czeczuga, B., Czeczuga-Semeniuk, E., and Sipman, H. 2003. Carotenoids in certain lichens from the Colombian Andes. Feddes Repert. 114:380-385.

Czeczuga, B., Harada, H., and Smith, C.W. 1997c. Carotenoids in some lichens from Hawaiian, Ogasawara (bonin) and Mariana Islands (Pacific). J. Hattori Bot. Lab. 81:263-271.

Czeczuga, B., and Calvelo, S. 1995. Investigation on carotenoids of fruticose lichens from Nothofagus forests, North-Western Patagonia (Argentina). Bol. Soc. Argent. Bot. 31:19-22.

Citation: El-Sayed AM 2024. The Pherobase: Database of Pheromones and Semiochemicals. <http://www.pherobase.com>.
Ⓒ 2003-2024 The Pherobase - Extensive Database of Pheromones and Semiochemicals. Ashraf M. El-Sayed.
Page created on 28-July-2024