Pheromones and Semiochemicals of Niotha clathrata (Neogastropoda: Nassariidae), the Jewelled dogwhelk

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Semiochemicals of Niotha clathrata, the Jewelled dogwhelk

Phylum:	Mollusca
Subphylum:	Conchifera
Class:	Gastropoda
Order:	Neogastropoda
Family:	Nassariidae
Subfamily:	Nassariinae
Genus:	Niotha
Tribe:
Author:	Lamarck

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Semiochemical(s):

Jen HC

2008

J. Chromatogr. B

871:

TTX

�Relative ratio of the component�

�(*) indicates that compound is active�

P �Category of the chemical signal

A -	Attractant
Al -	Allomone
K -	Kairomone
P -	Pheromone
Sy -	Synomone�

�Source of the chemical signal

F -	Female
H -	Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -	Lure
M -	Male
M&F -	Male and Female
S -	Solider
Q -	Queen
W -	Worker�

�Amount

pg -	Picogram
ng -	Nanogram
�g -	Microgram
mg -	Milligram
g -	Gram�

Kaohsiung, Taiwan

Hwang DF

2002

J. Food Prot.

65:

1341

TTX

�Relative ratio of the component�

�(*) indicates that compound is active�

P �Category of the chemical signal

A -	Attractant
Al -	Allomone
K -	Kairomone
P -	Pheromone
Sy -	Synomone�

�Source of the chemical signal

F -	Female
H -	Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -	Lure
M -	Male
M&F -	Male and Female
S -	Solider
Q -	Queen
W -	Worker�

�Amount

pg -	Picogram
ng -	Nanogram
�g -	Microgram
mg -	Milligram
g -	Gram�

Taiwan

Liao HJ

2000

J. Nat. Toxins

TTX

�Relative ratio of the component�

�(*) indicates that compound is active�

P �Category of the chemical signal

A -	Attractant
Al -	Allomone
K -	Kairomone
P -	Pheromone
Sy -	Synomone�

�Source of the chemical signal

F -	Female
H -	Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -	Lure
M -	Male
M&F -	Male and Female
S -	Solider
Q -	Queen
W -	Worker�

�Amount

pg -	Picogram
ng -	Nanogram
�g -	Microgram
mg -	Milligram
g -	Gram�

Taiwan

STX

�Relative ratio of the component�

�(*) indicates that compound is active�

�Source of the chemical signal

F -	Female
H -	Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -	Lure
M -	Male
M&F -	Male and Female
S -	Solider
Q -	Queen
W -	Worker�

�Amount

pg -	Picogram
ng -	Nanogram
�g -	Microgram
mg -	Milligram
g -	Gram�

Hwang DF

1994

Toxicon

32:

1573

TTX

�Relative ratio of the component�

�(*) indicates that compound is active�

P �Category of the chemical signal

A -	Attractant
Al -	Allomone
K -	Kairomone
P -	Pheromone
Sy -	Synomone�

�Source of the chemical signal

F -	Female
H -	Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -	Lure
M -	Male
M&F -	Male and Female
S -	Solider
Q -	Queen
W -	Worker�

�Amount

pg -	Picogram
ng -	Nanogram
�g -	Microgram
mg -	Milligram
g -	Gram�

Tungkang, Pingtung Prefecture, Taiwan

GTX 3

�Relative ratio of the component�

�(*) indicates that compound is active�

�Source of the chemical signal

F -	Female
H -	Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -	Lure
M -	Male
M&F -	Male and Female
S -	Solider
Q -	Queen
W -	Worker�

�Amount

pg -	Picogram
ng -	Nanogram
�g -	Microgram
mg -	Milligram
g -	Gram�

Hwang DF

1992a

Toxicon

30:

1189

TTX

�Relative ratio of the component�

�(*) indicates that compound is active�

P �Category of the chemical signal

A -	Attractant
Al -	Allomone
K -	Kairomone
P -	Pheromone
Sy -	Synomone�

�Source of the chemical signal

F -	Female
H -	Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -	Lure
M -	Male
M&F -	Male and Female
S -	Solider
Q -	Queen
W -	Worker�

�Amount

pg -	Picogram
ng -	Nanogram
�g -	Microgram
mg -	Milligram
g -	Gram�

Tungkang, Pingtung Prefecture, Taiwan

Jeon JK

1984

Bull. Jpn. Soc. Sci. Fish.

50:

2099

TTX

�Relative ratio of the component�

�(*) indicates that compound is active�

P �Category of the chemical signal

A -	Attractant
Al -	Allomone
K -	Kairomone
P -	Pheromone
Sy -	Synomone�

�Source of the chemical signal

F -	Female
H -	Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -	Lure
M -	Male
M&F -	Male and Female
S -	Solider
Q -	Queen
W -	Worker�

�Amount

pg -	Picogram
ng -	Nanogram
�g -	Microgram
mg -	Milligram
g -	Gram�

Enshunada Sea, Japan

Reference(s):

Jen, H.-C., Lin, S.-J., Tsai, Y.-H., Chen, C.-H., Lin, Z.-C., and Hwang, D.-F. 2008. Tetrodotoxin poisoning evidenced by solid-phase extraction combining with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J. Chromatogr. B. 871:95-100.

Hwang, D.-F., Shiu, Y.C., Hwang, P.A., and Lu, Y.H. 2002. Tetrodotoxin in gastropods (snails) implicated in food poisoning in Northern Taiwan. J. Food Prot. 65:1341-1344.

Liao, H.J., and Hwang, D.F. 2000. Survey of paralytic toxins in shellfish in southern Taiwan between 1995 and 1997. J. Nat. Toxins. 9:63-71.

Hwang, D.-F., Cheng, C.-A., and Jeng, S.-S. 1994. Gonyautoxin-3 as a minor toxin in the gastropod Niotha clathrata in Taiwan. Toxicon. 32:1573-1579.

Hwang, D.-F., Lin, L.C., and Jeng, S.-S. 1992a. Variation and secretion of toxins in gastropod mollusc Niotha clathrata. Toxicon. 30:1189-1194.

Jeon, J.K., Narita, H., Nara, M., Noguchi, T., Maruyama, J., and Hashimoto, K. 1984. Occurrence of tetrodotoxin in a gastropod mollusk, �Araregai� Niotha clathrata. Bull. Jpn. Soc. Sci. Fish. 50:2099-2102.

Citation: El-Sayed AM 2025. The Pherobase: Database of Pheromones and Semiochemicals. <http://www.pherobase.com>.
Ⓒ 2003-2025 The Pherobase - Extensive Database of Pheromones and Semiochemicals. Ashraf M. El-Sayed.
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